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Define the paradox of memory and create your own example of the effect of schemas to demonstrate this paradox.

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Eyewitness testimony has been found to be most accurate when


A) a weapon is used in the commission of a crime.
B) the witness is presented a simultaneous, as opposed to a sequential, lineup.
C) the witness has ample time to observe the event under good viewing conditions.
D) the witness is distracted and must fill in gaps in their memory with schema information.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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In the text, the authors discussed the astounding memory capabilities of Rajan. He could recall the digits for the number pi starting from nearly any place in the sequence. His amazing ability is due, in part, to his use of


A) flashbulb memory.
B) hypnotic regression.
C) photographic memory.
D) chunking.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following individuals studying for a test will be able to remember information the best?


A) Dan is repeating definitions over and over to himself from cue cards.
B) Nancy is trying to link the concepts to examples in her own life.
C) Karen is looking at the concepts in her textbook and trying to recall how they look.
D) Matt is focusing on how the concepts sound to him and trying to make them rhyme.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Chunking is a means of


A) immediately forgetting irrelevant details.
B) combining information into meaningful units.
C) arranging details into a hierarchy from most to least important.
D) storing long-term memories.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Around what age do children develop a memory span that is consistent with the 'magic number' of adult short-term memory?


A) 5
B) 8
C) 12
D) 16

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Jamal is trying to buy something over the phone. He asks his partner to read him his credit card number. However, when he tries to repeat it to the sales clerk on the other end of the line, he can't remember all the numbers. Jamal is coming up against


A) the decay of numerical memory.
B) the extinction of auditory traces.
C) the limits of procedural memory.
D) George Miller's magic number seven, plus or minus two.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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If the memory of your old phone number makes it difficult to remember your new phone number, then that is the effect called __________ interference.

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