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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 131

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Maslow called the needs people have for security at work and at home:

A) physiological needs.
B) stability needs.
C) insurance needs.
D) safety needs.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Question 132

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Mark successfully completed a very challenging assignment given to him by his supervisor at work.The feeling of accomplishment and satisfaction Mark experiences is an example of an extrinsic reward. This is an intrinsic reward.An intrinsic reward is the personal satisfaction you feel when you perform well and complete goals.

A) True
B) False

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Question 133

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Motivation is largely the result of external rewards and punishments.

Brandon's manager often tells his employees "there isn't a lot of time for chit-chat on the job.If you want to give us your opinion,as a believer in open communication,I'll gladly give you your chance to speak your mind,on your way out!" This manager is up to date on the purpose of the exit interview,as an important source of feedback for companies.Open communication always begins at this juncture. Not hardly! Managers should never wait until an employee decides to leave to generate open communication.If you wait until the exit interview,it's too late.

Theory Y managers prefer:

Although Elton Mayo originally intended to collect data for a traditional scientific management study,his break-through research led to further research on the kinds of things that drive employees to successfully meet and exceed productivity goals at work. Mayo concluded that workers who perceived that they were a special,elite group who were specifically chosen for an experiment and permitted to provide input into the experiment became motivated to perform better.

Safety needs are placed at the lowest level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

Theory X management has essentially disappeared from the real world workplace.

Weldon Taskman has just successfully negotiated a new long-term sales agreement with a major client.The personal satisfaction Weldon has about his efforts is his _______ reward.

Matt works for a sports marketing firm.He feels that he has been treated unfairly by the organization.He helped three other employees organize a series of successful street hockey tournaments in different regions of the country.While the other employees were given a bonus and corporate recognition,his efforts were ignored.According to equity theory,Matt is likely to respond by:

The Management by Objectives model devised by Peter Drucker works best in a dynamic,rapidly changing business environment,where management makes short-term plans.

When Elaine accepted a position with Cannon Corporation in Dallas,Texas she felt uneasy.She was new to the area and new to this company.However,she was pleased that her new job offered her the opportunity to play on the company volleyball team.She quickly made new friends and,through her new friends,learned about the city.Apparently,her new job satisfies Elaine's ________ needs.

Herzberg's research identified several ___________ factors that did not necessarily motivate employees if they were increased,but could cause employees to become dissatisfied if they were missing or inadequate.

The Hawthorne studies concluded that intrinsic rewards are always better than extrinsic rewards. The Hawthorne studies did not conclude that one type of reward was more important than another.It did conclude that human and/or psychological factors may play into a worker's productivity level and that pay is not the only motivator.

If you want to understand what motivates Generation X workers,it might be a good idea to study the personal experiences that this group shared - things such as stay at home moms and dads that worked very steady nine to five jobs,with hardly any fear of lay-offs. Although it is very important to understand the personal development and experiences that Gen Xers shared,many lived in two-career families and experienced the tensions when one or more of their parents lost their jobs.They come to work with perceptions that jobs are not that secure to begin with.Boomer managers will need to be flexible when managing the Xers.

Herzberg's research found that safe working conditions and good pay:

As the marketing manager for Chipper's Golf Resort,you hired interns from the local university to go out and sell your annual golf event.You provided each of three interns with their own list of past sponsors,participants,and prize contributors.You also asked each to create their own marketing plan in order to secure five new sponsors in the next four weeks,and promised them a bonus at the end of the fourth week,if they could verify that they followed their own plan,contacted everyone on their list;and,developed five new sponsors.Essentially,each would have ownership in his/her success.During the fourth week,you randomly contacted a few sponsors on each of the three lists and quickly learn that one of the interns had slacked-off on the job.When you met with each of the three interns,you withheld the bonus from the one that did not do the job and informed him that his internship grade will reflect the fact that he was not motivated to get the job done.Which theory did you initially follow,and which theory did you utilize to assess the intern that did not perform his/her job?

Harrison is a manager at the local post office.He wants to find ways to improve worker motivation,and has read about the Hawthorne studies conducted by Elton Mayo and his colleagues.He believes these studies offer important insights into what motivates employees.Harrison is not likely to support the methods and ideas associated with scientific management. Scientific management had little concern for how "human factors" could motivate employees.In the Hawthorne studies,however,Mayo and his colleagues showed that human factors could have a major influence on worker productivity.They concluded that the reason productivity increased no matter how physical working conditions were changed was that the employees who participated in the experiment felt special,and developed a sense of camaraderie that made their work more enjoyable.This improved their job satisfaction,leading to higher productivity.

Which of the following problems would indicate that a manager failed to apply the basic concepts of expectancy theory?

Recent economic events and demographic trends in Japan have clearly demonstrated the superiority of a Type J approach to management. Type J is the management style that is favored in most Japanese firms.It emphasizes consensual decision-making,collective responsibility,and slow evaluation and promotion.However,the prolonged and severe economic downturn that plagued Japan in the late 1990s and early 2000s,coupled with social and demographic changes and fierce global competition,are leading some Japanese managers to question whether this approach is always the best.In particular,critics have pointed out that this approach has resulted in a lack of risk-taking and has stifled creative thinking.